lịch sử việt nam
The Emperor Nhân Tông’s Monastic Life
by Lê Mạnh Thát
...
[1] Vol. 6, p. 2b2-4.
[2] Khâm Định Việt Sử Thông Giám Cương Mục, vol. 8, p.23b1
[3] Ninh Hải village of Hoa Lư district. [LMT]
[4] Skt.; referring to both the activity of forming and the state of being formed. Here it is used in the latter meaning (saṃskṛta), that is, all things that arise upon dependent conditions.
[5] Skt.; the other side (of the ocean of birth-and-death), denoting the ultimate liberation in Buddhism.
[6] Skt.; holy conduct, referring to what constitutes the noble lifestyle of a Buddhist practitioner.
[7] A Buddhist term of various meanings. Here it means the state of being without self-nature. As being things that proceed from dependent conditions, merit and fault are conventionally considered to be existing. Yet, nothing within them may in essence be truly ‘merit’ or ‘fault’.
[8] Selection 1, p.128c5-6 (256a5-6).
[9] Vol.6, p.3a1-3.
[10] Referring to the messengers. In Chinese literature, a messenger is sometimes respectfully called ‘messenger-star’.
[11] Vol.6, p.80.
[12] Vol.6, p.3a7-8
[13] Vol.8, p.23a7
[14] the 7th month.
[15] The chief of the imperial tutors
[16] Vol.6, p.2b4-6
[17] lit. “turtle legs”, a dish of seafood.
[18] lit. “horse saddles”, a dish of seafood.
[19] Skt., dhūta; lit. “shake off” (passions). Twelve such ascetic pratices are wearing patched robe, wearing a robe made of three pieces, eating begged food only, only one meal a day, taking no further food, taking only one portion, living in seclusion, living in a charnel ground, living under a tree, living in the open, living in whatever place presents itself, sitting only.
[20] Skt.; a monk’s robe.
[21] Vol.6, p.6a1-b9.
[22] Vol.6, p.7a6-7.
[23] Vol.6, pp.7a7-8a2.
[24] Vol.6, p.17a9b2.
[25] Viet., Ô Châu Cận Lục, vol.3, p.45a5: “知 見 古 之 縣 見”, which may be translated as “Tri Kiến is the old district of Kiến” in which Kiến may be the local name of Tri Kiến.
[26] Vol.6, pp.17b7-18b4.
[27] Vol.6, p.19b1.
[28] Vol.6, p.20a3-6.
[29] Vol.6, p.21a8b1.
[30] Vol.6, p.22a7-b2.
[31] Vol.6, pp.32a7-33a2.
[32] Vol.6, p.33b3-4.
[33] p. 9b.
[34] Refraining from (1) killing, (2) stealing, (3) sexual misconduct, (4) lying, (5) slander, (6) coarse speech, (7) frivolous chatter, (8) greed, (9) hatred, (10) false views.
[35] Viet. “quốc pháp” and “quốc chính” [LMT]
[36] Vol.2, pp.24a3-37b2.
[37] lit. the “Ten Thousand World Ages,” implying the eternal existence of the land.
[38] Vol. 2, p.27b3-6.
[39] Vol.6, p.17b8-9.
[40] Viet., “khai đường.”
[41] Viet., “thượng thủ”.
[42] Referring to the essentials of the Dhyāna doctrine.
[43] Chinese, kung-an; Japanese, kōan. In Dhyāna teaching and practice, the term usually refers to a phrase from a text or teaching on Dhyāna realization, an episode from the life of an ancient master, a question-answer—whatever the source, each points to the nature of ultimate reality, which transcends the logical or conceptual ability. Thus, a công án cannot be solved by reason but by some level of intuitive comprehension only.
[44] Lê Mạnh Thát, Lịch Sử Phật Giáo Việt Nam I, NXB Thuận Hóa, 1999, pp.574-578. [LMT]
[45] denoting a practictioner’s heart or mind.
[46] The original in Chinese:
世 數 一 索 莫
時 情 兩 海 銀
魔 宮 渾 管 甚
佛 國 不 勝 春
Until now the first line of the poem has been understood and thus translated in various ways by Vietnamese reseachers, especially what concerns the phrase ‘一 索 莫’. My English translation here is based on a definition of ‘索’ as ‘mind or heart’ given in the Dictionary of K’ang-hsi and that of ‘索 莫’ as ‘a confused state of mind’ given in the Dictionary of Wang Yun-wu. Further, the poem is preserved without its original title, which is so suggested by some to be “About the Temple in Cổ Châu Village”. I do not think it is a suitable title for the poem although it is recorded to have been composed by Nhân Tông there. The content of the poem has nothing to do with the temple; on the contrary, it expresses the author’s view of human life, particularly when he was being impressed by the image of his sister on her death-bed.
[47] the period between 11 p.m. and 1 a.m.
[48] Vol.6, pp.23b4-24a4.
[49] Vol.6, pp.25b9-27a8.
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